It is considered that there is a sufficient margin for improvements in the fuels used, in the technology applied for the analysis, and the incorporation of technologies in the use of renewable energies, as well as intelligent planning of routes and volumes, with the aim of contributing to the efficiency of logistics without departing from the objectives of conservation and improvement of ecosystems, and promoting the use of these models by companies, committing them to change.

Based on the health crisis due to the pandemic, we consider that we are at a good time to extract data that allows us to compare a pre-pandemic situation with high mobility, and a situation during the pandemic with reduced or limited mobility. The above would allow studying the variation of three elements such as:

1. Maritime traffic between the largest global terminals.

2. NO2, CO2 and SO2 emissions to the atmosphere.

3. Winds in height and mobility of air masses at a global level.

And from this, generate relevant information to extract data that allows creating a predictive model of:

1. Improvement of maritime routes.

2. Strengthening of the most used routes, with the understanding that according to the Paretto principle, 80% of the pollution produced by ships is generated by 20% of the movements (large vessels and terminals).

3. Inclusion of renewable energies and greener fuels in ship propulsion technologies.

4. Design of ships according to the routes they serve, with better technology and more environmentally friendly.

5. Use the information to create predictive models that improve decision-making on when and where to locate ships, based not only on supply and demand, but also by adding data from air mass movement forecasts and the distribution of air mass movements. gases emitted into the atmosphere, in order to minimize the massive impact on specific areas.

Our team was inspired by this challenge due to the fact that we have some approximation with respect to the subject and that, as far as possible, we are aware of the problems generated in the field of naval traffic with respect to environmental contamination. At the same time, we are quite aware of the maritime economy so we can say some things without risking so much that the economic and commercial part is incorrect.

Approaching the date of the project, with our team we have investigated some information so that when we start the project we are mentally prepared to know how to start and continue with the challenge. When the challenge week started, we started looking for more concise information to be able to write and develop the project in the most professional way possible.

To develop the project, we have raised several ideas of all kinds in different slides and files, so that when we start it, we propose everything in Power Point slides, as well as the beta of the project. Likewise, the information we use to develop the project is mostly from the pages that were recommended to search and investigate.

We understand that only with verifiable facts is it possible to make the planet's population understand the need to generate changes that avoid an environmental collapse. The pandemic, although it is very negative for the communities, brought us important learning, as we were able to appreciate significant reductions in the levels of NO2, SO2 and CO2, as a result of reduced mobility, industries and consumption. Only in aviation there was a 95% reduction in movements that had an impact on the reduction of gases. We believe that maritime transport also contributed to this reduction.

The Project we chose was “Mobility in times of COVID 19, the effects on emissions to the atmosphere. Strategy to minimize them”, which is derived from the challenge“ Ship traffic and its impact on air quality ”. We are inspired by the fact that in this last year of the Covid 19 pandemic, the movement of people, industries, and means of transport was reduced. Regarding the movement of ships to and from the main port terminals around the world, there was a decrease, which we attribute to this pandemic phenomenon, as its causality in a direct relationship, and which we were able to verify using the data provided in the databases. data and images.

We were interested and it was an important challenge to be able to analyze with scientifically verifiable data, the consequences that the reduction of mobility and consumption brought on the economy, and on transport. This made us think that since there was a temporary reduction in movements, there would also be a reduction in the emissions of gases emitted into the atmosphere, as a result of the burning of fuels from ships. From this we understood that interesting conclusions can be drawn, which can be included in a mathematical model that relates, on the one hand, the percentage of mobility of large populations and the consumption of goods and services, in relation to the movements of the ships that transport said goods. .

Likewise, it is possible to reach conclusions that reinforce the need to switch to the use of environmentally friendly fuels, renewable energies and collaborative technology.

In conclusion, in addition to the ideas in our mind, we use the information given to raise the ideas on the screen with information as correct as possible.

The only serious problem we had when looking for information and developing the project, were that we had the ideas but we did not know how to pass them to the project correctly and in turn, sometimes it was difficult for us to find the exactly correct information that we needed to use it to the basis of the project.

As mentioned above, the whole group used all the information and data from the space agencies that were available. From the moment that the information was available to see, with the team we have not stopped looking at the maps, comparing them with other dates, seeing all the movement that exists from another point of view and in turn seeing all the types of contamination on those maps that exist and are emanated day by day for all existing reasons, but mainly as this challenge is about ships and their influence on pollution, we focus on looking at that data.

With all the information that we could see, from "Sentinel-5P", "Earth Observing Dashboard" to also the pages of "Aura / OMI" and "Meteorological datasets from models", we based all our initial information to be able to start launching the project and challenge. With all the images we were able to collect and the data, we have compared various data with the pre-covid years and the times that followed.

But in conclusion, with all the data that were given to us from the space agencies, we have managed to make a project that was simply made of ideas without scientific basis or accurate data, to produce a project with a good scientific data and information base and we succeeded raise the ideas in real life and bring it down to earth.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1c4O32n-6VPJBj3Cw6uYYicFpxd86yX4J/view?usp=sharing

Based on what is analyzed in the images and data found in the information base of the platforms consulted, and data that are available in the IMO, we have been able to conclude that:

1. During the periods comprised by the COVID 19 crisis, maritime movements and activity in port terminals decreased.

2. We have associated the decrease in the emission of greenhouse gases, NO2, CO2 and SO2, to this decrease in the movement of vessels, mainly those of large size that cover routes of great supply and demand.

3. It can be corroborated that the hypothesis that there was a direct relationship between the reduction of movements and the reduction of emissions is true and verifiable in the information provided by the agencies NASA, ESA and JAXA, in their different images, databases and screenings available.

From the above, our team concludes in a series of recommendations, which can provide a solution to the need to reduce polluting emissions.

1. Incorporation of technologies for the use of less polluting fuels. Promote the use of hydrogen as fuel for the most widely used ships on the main routes, which, according to data, move about 80% of world trade. This would reduce emissions. It is necessary to engage the operating companies in the incorporation of these technologies, within the framework of the objectives set by the IMO for 2050 (reduction of 50% of the emission of greenhouse gases)

2. Promote the use of ethanol as fuel in the fuel mixtures used, reaching 20% ​​of it, and a significant contribution would be achieved.

3. Incorporate the use of solar energy panels on the decks of the ships that cover the maritime routes of greater volume, to achieve a reduction in the use of energy from the burning of fossil fuels.

4. Reuse the gases emanating from combustion, as part of the mixture to be burned.

5. Generate computer models that combine meteorological information on winds, polluting gas emissions, or use of routes, in order to provide shipping companies with the information that allows optimization of cargo plans in large terminals.

6. Efficient use of larger capacity vessels to cover the routes indicated as the main ones. An increase in capacity of 10% of the fleet would generate a decrease in vessels, fewer circulating vessels, and less emissions. It is necessary to create accessible models that allow optimizing the use of warehouses and the efficiency of the terminals.

The references consulted for the extraction of data and resources in the project were:

1. EARTH OBSERVING DASHBOARD

2. TROPOSPHERIC MONITORING INSTRUMENT (TROPOMI)

3. SHIPPING ACTIVITY AT MAJOR PORTS,

4. ESA DETECTING POLLUTION FROM INDIVIDUAL SHIPS FROM SPACE

From the data shown in this reference, in particular we use those provided by the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on the Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (IMO) in the Aura satellite, which show significant drops in regional nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels that coincide with reduced traffic and industrial activity. From them we extracted data from the Images of the maps of Asia that include the People's Republic of China, in terms of CO2 and NO2 emissions, in urban areas near the largest port terminals. We also use the comparative image data format to be able to compare and verify our hypothesis during pre- and post-pandemic periods. For this we use information from Shipping Activity at Major Ports, since in them we can see how the volume of ships mobilized in the terminals decreased and therefore the activity and emissions were reduced in the compared periods. Comparison images of relevant large terminals such as Los Angeles and Suez were used. In them we were able to observe the variations in SO2 emissions.

This project has been submitted for consideration during the Judging process.